The common faults of front car shock absorbers mainly fall into two categories: performance degradation and component damage. Their specific manifestations and causes are as follows:
1. Shock absorber oil leakage (most common)
Manifestation: Oil stains (obvious grease or sludge buildup) on the surface of the shock absorber cylinder.
Cause: Aging/damage of the shock absorber oil seal and wear of the internal piston valve, leading to shock absorber oil leakage and a direct reduction in damping effect.
2. Deteriorated shock absorption performance
Manifestation: Strong body sway when driving over rough roads, severe nosedive/lift during braking/acceleration, and a floaty feeling at high speeds.
Cause: Wear of the internal valve plates, oil leakage, or gas leakage (for gas-charged shock absorbers), resulting in insufficient damping force.
3. Abnormal noise (occurs when going over bumps)
Manifestation: Squeaking/clunking noises from the shock absorber area when passing speed bumps/potholes.
Cause:
Wear of internal components (e.g., piston, connecting rod);
Aging/breakage of external accessories (top mount, buffer block, dust boot), causing friction or loose impact between components.
4. Shock absorber deformation
Manifestation: Bent shock absorber cylinder, misaligned mounting position, accompanied by vehicle pulling during driving and abnormal tire wear.
Cause: Physical deformation of the shock absorber due to external impacts such as hitting potholes/curbs or collision accidents.
5. Top mount/buffer block damage (accessory failure)
Manifestation: Clunking noise when turning the steering wheel or going over bumps, or loose connection between the shock absorber and the vehicle body.
Cause: The top mount (a rubber component connecting the shock absorber to the vehicle body) and buffer block (a rubber component that absorbs spring rebound impact) are wear parts, which fail after long-term compression/aging.
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